30/11/2019
Advancements in anaesthesia
Advancements in anaesthesia
• In 1847 Scottish obstetrician James Young Simpson (1811–1870) of Edinburgh was the first to use chloroform as a general anaesthetic on a human • John Show (1813‐1858)become the most experienced British physician working with the new anaesthetic gases of ether and chloroform thus becoming, the first British anaesthetist and in 1853 Queen Victoria's accoucheurs invited John Snow to anesthetize the Queen for the birth of her eighth child • In 1860 Albert Niemann isolated cocaine‐ the first local anaesthetic. • In 1880 , the Scottish surgeon WIliam Macewer (1848–1924) reported on his use of orotracheal intubation • In 1898 the first planned spinal anaesthesia for surgery in man was administered by August Bier (1861–1949)
• In 1913 Chevalier Jackson (1865–1958) was the first to report a high rate of success for the use of direct laryngoscopy • In 1928 Arthur Ernest Guedel (1883‐1956)introduced the cuffed endotracheal tube • In 1934 Sodium Tiopental , the first intravenous anaesthetic, was synthesized by Ernest H. Volwiler (1893–1992) and Donalee L. Tabern (1900–1974) • In 1943 Sir Robert Reynolds Macintosh (1897–1989)he introduced his new curved laryngoscope blade • In 1960 Paul Janssen’s (1926‐2003) team synthesised Fentanyl
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Advancements in anaesthesia
Advancements in anaesthesia
• Propofol was discovered in 1 977 by John B. Glen , a British veterinarian and researcher at Imperial Chemical Industries and approved for use in the United States in 1989. • It is on the WHO’s List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. • The currently available preparation is 1% propofol, 10% soybean oil, and 1.2% purified egg phospholipid as an emulsifier, with 2.25% glycerol as a tonicity ‐adjusting agent, and sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH
Archie Brain (born 1942) is a British anaesthetist best known as the inventor of the laryngeal mask in 1987 The LMA™ has been used over 300 million times worldwide in elective anaesthesia and emergency airway management
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Advancements in anaesthesia
Advancements in anaesthesia
• In 1975 Sevoflurane was discovered by Ross Terrell and independently by Bernard M Regan. • It was introduced into clinical practice initially in Japan in 1990 by Maruishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan. • In 1994 Rocuronium was introduced in the clinical practice • In 2009 Suagammadex was widely available as reversal agent
1996 – Bulgaria, Stara Zagora, Trakia University
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